Who is responsible for determining the rules for Congressional debate?

The responsibility for determining the rules for Congressional debate lies with each chamber of Congress, which includes the House of Representatives and the Senate. Each chamber has the authority to establish its own rules regarding how debate is conducted, amendment procedures, and the overall legislative process. This power is granted by the Constitution, specifically in Article I, Section 5, which states that each house may determine the rules of its proceedings.

This flexibility allows each chamber to tailor its rules according to its specific needs and practices. For instance, the House of Representatives tends to have more formal rules governing debate due to its larger size, whereas the Senate allows for more open debate and the possibility of filibusters.

The other entities mentioned do not have a role in determining Congressional debate rules. The President, while influential in the legislative process, does not set debate rules. The Supreme Court interprets laws but does not engage in Congressional procedures. The Federal Election Commission focuses on administering and enforcing federal election laws rather than legislative debate rules. Thus, the correct answer highlights the autonomous authority of Congress to self-govern its debate processes.