How are electoral votes allocated among states?

Electoral votes are allocated among the states primarily based on population, with a few key considerations. Each state has a minimum of three electoral votes, which reflect its representation in Congress: one for each senator and at least one for its representative in the House. Therefore, states with larger populations typically have more representatives and, consequently, more electoral votes. This means that states with higher populations, like California and Texas, have a greater influence in the Electoral College during presidential elections.

This allocation method aims to balance the representation needs between populous states and less populous ones, while still ensuring that every state has a stake in the process. By using population data, specifically from the most recent census, the system seeks to ensure that electoral votes reflect demographic changes over time.